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Thomas Burrow (; 29 June 1909 – 8 June 1986) was an Indologist and the Boden Professor of Sanskrit at the University of Oxford from 1944 to 1976; he was also a Oxbridge Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford during this time. His work includes A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary, The Problem of Shwa in Sanskrit and The Sanskrit Language.
During the War years, 1937–1944, before his appointment at Oxford, Burrow was Assistant Keeper at the British Museum, and also held an appointment at SOAS from 1938 to 1948. In these years he especially worked on the grammar and literature of the Prakrit documents from Central Asia preserved in the Kharosthi script.
Also during the War, Burrow also developed a deep interest in Dravidian languages and linguistics, and during fieldwork in South India in the 1950s and 1960s, he documented two languages previously unknown to scholarship (Parji language and Pengo language). He tackled the problem of identifying Dravidian loanwords in Sanskrit while at Annamalai University under P. S. Subrahmanya Sastri and published the Collected papers on Dravidian linguistics in 1968. With his American colleague Murray B. Emeneau, Burrow published a milestone study, A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary (1966). After Burrow retired, his focus for the last years of his life was to produce an expanded second edition of this work, which he achieved in 1984.
The above account is based on the informative obituary of Burrow published in 1987.
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